Despite its many advantages, the employment of women in economic activity in India has been associated with increased mortality for infants and young children. Simultaneously, narrower gender differentials in child mortality among employed women have been noted.

The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (ITPA), formerly known as the Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act (SITA), is an Indian law aimed at preventing human trafficking, particularly for commercial sexual exploitation.