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The impact of the family planning (FP) programme over the years is showing varying impacts on fertility across regions and population groups in India.

Highlighted by sensational titles such as "The endangered sex" (Miller, 1981) or "More than 100 million women are missing" (Sen, 1992), studies have long drawn attention to the unfavourable life chances of females versus males in various parts of East and South Asia.

The relationship between society and nature is an old one. It might be better to say that this relationship is ancient.