Nominated by the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA), Droupadi Murmu, 64, received 64.03% votes in the presidential electoral college, which comprises parliamentarians and state legislators.

Demographic literature is replete with observations of an inverse relation between certain attributes of modernity and family size (Thompson 1929; Notestein 1945; Coale and Hoover 1958; Leiberman 1980, Srinivasan 1986).