“ During the course of the pandemic, as school s increasingly turned to online education to avoid exposure to the young children to the pa
Governmental efforts towards fertility reduction often face a dilemma: babies who are planners' worry are also a parent's hope and joy (Mandelbaum 1974:110). The beliefs of the people on this subject and what planners believe ought to be done may on occasion diverge substantially.
Fertility behaviour includes not only biological but also social reproduction, involving a complex network of institutions.